Jan van Eyck

Jan van Eyck was a Flemish painter active in the early Northern Renaissance. He was born around 1390 in Maaseik, which was part of the Duchy of Brabant. His precise birth date is not known, but he is one of the earliest proponents of oil painting, which allowed for greater depth of color and detail. Little is known about his early life and training, but he likely trained in the workshop of a master painter before starting his own career. He became court painter to Philip the Good, the Duke of Burgundy, in the early 1420s. Van Eyck's innovations include the use of fine detail, realistic textures, and a mastery of light that would set the standard for subsequent generations of artists. He is known for his exquisite attention to the portrayal of surfaces — such as fabrics and skin — and for his ability to capture the essence of his subjects. Among Van Eyck's most significant works are the 'Arnolfini Portrait' (1434), which is renowned for its sophisticated use of symbolism and detail, 'The Ghent Altarpiece' (completed 1432), a monumental polyptych known for its intricate depiction of biblical scenes and vibrant color, and 'Portrait of a Man' (1433), showcasing his stellar technique and attention to character. Van Eyck's impact on art history is profound; his techniques influenced contemporaries and later artists well into the Renaissance. His pioneering work in oil painting contributed to its acceptance and popularity, leading to a shift away from tempera pigments. He is often considered the father of early Netherlandish painting. Van Eyck's legacy persists today as a key figure in the development of Western art, with his works held in major museums and collections worldwide, appreciated for their innovation and artistry.